This study uses a high-resolution ocean model and a new tracer-based method to simulate ocean alkalinity enhancement in San Francisco Bay, showing that estuarine dynamics rapidly transport added alkalinity to the ocean surface where it enhances CO₂ uptake. The results suggest estuaries may enable faster air–sea CO₂ equilibration than open-ocean settings, while highlighting the need for further study of ecological impacts.

Ho, M., Molemaker, J., Damien, P., Long, M. C., Bianchi, D., and McWilliams, J. C.